Regional distribution of freshwater mammal subspecies

Table 2. Regional distribution of aquatic and semi-aquatic mammal subspecies. List of accepted subspecies follows Wilson (2005), and any deviations from the list are explained in footnotes. Species are listed taxonomically down to order, and then alphabetically through family, genus and species. Where applicable endemism is noted and refers to the geographical constraint and relative range limitation of species within a specific region; species-specific geographical distribution is noted. Marine subspecies are excluded, but distributions are listed separately in tables available in Todd et al. (2014).

a Very complicated taxonomy due to population bottlenecking and genetic mixing of relict populations through numerous reintroduction programs. In agreement with much of the available literature, “purebred” species are listed here, although it should be noted that many of these populations have undergone genetic mixing.

b Range of subspecies not defined specifically, thus range stated refers to both Holochilus brasiliensis darwini and H. b. vulpinus (Formoso et al., 2010).

c In this instance older literature in the form of Lariviére (1999) has been used over Wilson (2005), due to the specific focus on this particular species and wider use of supporting literature.

d Population status unknown; species is extinct potentially.

e Hippopotamus amphibious amphibious is now regionally extinct and thus excluded.

f Differs from Wilson (2005); Inia geoffrensis boliviensis is now considered a distinct species, Inia boliviensis (Committee on Taxonomy, 2014).

g Species name listed as Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis as per Committee on Taxonomy (2014), not Neophocaena phocaenoides as per Wilson (2005).

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