To be an effective Marine Mammal Observer (MMO) and/or Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) operator certain knowledge and skills are required, including background knowledge of marine mammals and an ability to estimate range and bearing to a sighting. The Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook explains everything in detail, but provided here are brief how-to-guides for some essential skills, and regional distribution tables of marine and freshwater mammal species and sub-species.
Distribution tables |
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Regional distribution of marine mammal species |
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Regional distribution of freshwater mammal species |
Regional distribution of freshwater mammal subspecies | |
Bearing estimation |
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Bearing estimation |
Range estimation |
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Estimating range using a range stick |
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Estimating range using reticle binoculars |